Granite, nrog nws cov tawv tawv, hnav tsis kam, xim zoo nkauj, nplua nuj kev ntxhib los mos, thiab cov huab cua tsis zoo, yog siv dav hauv cov tsev lag luam xws li cov tsev cia puav pheej thiab cov chaw coj noj coj ua. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho khoom siv xwb tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov cim kev coj noj coj ua - qhia txog kev nkag siab nyob mus ib txhis, qhov hnyav, thiab keeb kwm. Nqe lus hauv qab no qhia txog cov qauv hauv tsev thiab thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm plaub qhov loj: lub tsev façade, qhov chaw sab hauv, toj roob hauv pes thiab duab puab, thiab lub ntsiab lus cim.
I. Lub Tsev Facade thiab Phab Ntsa
Granite feem ntau siv rau hauv tsev facades los tsim cov duab hnyav thiab ruaj khov, zoo ib yam nrog lub tsev cia puav pheej qhov chaw ua "cov kab lis kev cai thawv."
Kadokawa Musashino Tsev khaws puav pheej (Saitama, Nyiv), tsim los ntawm Kengo Kuma, yog ib qho piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau xyoo tas los no. Lub tsev yog tsim los ntawm kwv yees li 20, 000 70mm tuab granite slabs, tsim ib tug tsis xwm yeem polyhedron. Qhov ntxhib, tsis sib xws ntawm cov slabs zoo li tau loj hlob los ntawm Musashino Plateau. Thaum tshav ntuj poob, qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb thiab duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov slabs thiab qhov kev xav hauv lub pas dej ua ke tsim ib qho kev ua kom zoo dua li qhov pom kev zoo li qub.
Nyob rau hauv Suav teb, Tuam Tshoj Arts thiab Crafts Tsev khaws puav pheej thiab Tuam Tshoj Intangible Cultural Heritage Tsev khaws puav pheej (Beijing), tsim los ntawm gmp, yog tsim nyob rau hauv peb seem: ib lub teeb -xim xeb- xim granite puag, pob tshab iav kab hlau rhuav phab ntsa nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, thiab ib tug tooj liab - xim lub cev nyob rau saum toj. Lub hauv paus granite muab lub tsev muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab lub hauv paus, sib piv nrog cov ntab bronze ntim saum toj no, tsim kom muaj "grounded tseem ntab" nyhuv. Ib lub ru tsev hauv nroog terrace puag ncig lub tsev ntawm qhov siab ntawm 13.5 meters.
Chengdu Natural History Tsev khaws puav pheej showcases lub tshiab daim ntawv thov ntawm granite nyob rau hauv parametric tsim. Cov phab ntsa sab nrauv siv perforated granite slabs, sib txuas peb tus qauv slabs ntawm cov ces kaum sib txawv los tsim 22 tus qauv perforated. Thaum nruab hnub, qhov no simulates ib tug daus - lub ncov roob, thaum hmo ntuj, nws yog illuminated los ntawm qab los ntawm LEDs, zoo li lub glittering starry ntuj.
Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Datong sab nrauv cov ntaub thaiv phab ntsa siv hauv tsev tsim cov grey granite, siv ob qho tib si flamed thiab dej -scalded tiav los tsim kev sib txawv ntawm cov xim thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm lub teeb thiab tsaus grey. Ze li ntawm 30,000 lub pob zeb tau koom ua ke, ua raws li cov qauv hauv Suav teb lub ru tsev pobzeb, nrog cov pob qij txha sib tshooj thiab thauj tog rau nkoj ntawm ob sab, muab lub tsev kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb, zoo li "loj hlob hauv ntiaj teb."
II. Sab hauv Chaw thiab Exhibition Ib puag ncig
Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw sab hauv, granite yog nquag siv rau hauv pem teb, phab ntsa, thiab core exhibition cheeb tsam, tsim kom muaj meej mom thiab tranquil cua.
Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Niaj hnub nimno Art (MoMA) hauv New York, thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 2000 nthuav dav thiab kho dua tshiab los ntawm Yoshio Taniguchi, feem ntau siv dub granite thiab nyiaj txhuas panels. Lub siab tawv thiab ruaj khov dub granite sib piv nrog cov rooj nthuav qhia dawb hauv cov iav ntaub thaiv phab ntsa, ua rau lub tsev nws tus kheej "zoo li ploj mus," tsis cuam tshuam cov duab kos duab, tso cai rau lawv mus rau theem nruab nrab.
Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Xu Wei Art (Shaoxing, Zhejiang), tsim los ntawm Architectural Design thiab Research Institute ntawm Zhejiang University, nthuav tawm cov xim dub, dawb, thiab grey xim raws li Shaoxing. Cov pem teb sab saud ntawm sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb muaj cov phab ntsa dawb granite, thaum thawj pem teb siv grey granite thiab cov ntaub thaiv phab ntsa hauv kev sib koom ua ke, ua tiav los ntawm lub ru tsev hlau dub, tsim kom muaj kev zoo nkauj niaj hnub.
Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Reinhard Ernst (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees), raws li Fumihiko Maki txoj haujlwm tom qab, siv Bethel-Dawb, suav tias yog "lub teeb dawb tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb." Lub pob zeb no yog dawb huv, ruaj, thiab muaj huab cua tiv thaiv zoo heev thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev, muab lub tsev cia puav pheej huv, tshem tawm qhov pom kev.
III. Toj roob hauv pes, Sculpture, thiab Monumental nthuav qhia
Granite kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw sab nraum zoov, cov duab puab monumental, thiab thematic reliefs ntawm cov tsev khaws puav pheej thiab cov chaw coj noj coj ua.
Cov ntaub thaiv phab ntsa thematic nyem ntawm PLA Naval Tsev khaws puav pheej, ntsuas 1018cm × 636cm, yog ua los ntawm granite thiab suav nrog plaub lub ntsiab lus: "Resolutely Obey the Party's Command," "Accelerating Transformation and Development," "Building a First-Class Navy," thiab "Ready for War at any time." Nws nthuav tawm lub siab tawv thiab ua tub rog siab ntev los ntawm kev ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm granite.
Lub tsev khaws puav pheej Suzhou lub tsev tshiab, tsim los ntawm IM Pei, rov txhais cov tsoos "dawb phab ntsa thiab cov vuas dub" ntawm Jiangnan cov tsev nyob nrog cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub- siv siab - zog granite es tsis txhob siv cov pobzeb xiav rau cov vuas dub, ua tiav kev sib xyaw ntawm cov kab lis kev cai hauv cheeb tsam nrog rau qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm.
Berlin Tsev khaws puav pheej Island subway chaw nres tsheb, tsim los ntawm Max Dudler, nta lub hauv paus platform clad hauv ntuj granite. Ua ke nrog cov kab lis kev cai square, lub platform hloov mus rau hauv lub chaw txais tos rau "hauv av nyob mus ib txhis hmo ntuj," zoo kawg nkaus hais txog kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej Island.
IV. Cultural Symbolism thiab Design Strategy
Kev siv granite hauv tsev cia puav pheej architecture hla tsuas yog xaiv cov khoom siv; nws yog ib txoj kev coj noj coj ua:
Nyob mus ib txhis thiab keeb kwm Sense: ** Lub hardness thiab durability ntawm granite cim lub qub txeeg qub tes thiab immortality ntawm kab lis kev cai, resonating nrog lub tsev khaws puav pheej lub hom phiaj los khaws tib neeg kev vam meej.
Kev nthuav qhia hauv cheeb tsam:** Piv txwv li, Suzhou Tsev khaws puav pheej siv granite los txhais cov vuas dub, thaum Datong Tsev khaws puav pheej siv granite hauv zos los ua suab nrov ntawm Loess Plateau qhov chaw. Cov khoom siv los ua kev sib txuas ntawm architecture thiab thaj av.
Lub teeb thiab Duab Ntxoo thiab Kev ntxhib los mos: ** Ntau txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm, xws li cov chaw ntxhib, nplaim taws, thiab dej -ntxuav qhov chaw, tso cai rau granite kom pom cov lus nplua nuj nyob hauv lub teeb. Qhov no yog pov thawj hauv Kengo Kuma's "Dynamic Stone Slabs" thiab Chengdu Natural History Museum's "Snow Mountain Perforation."
Pej xeem Chaw Tsim: Ntau qhov kev tsim siv granite hauv paus lossis platform los tsim cov chaw pej xeem hauv nroog, xws li lub ru tsev terrace ntawm Tuam Tshoj Arts thiab Crafts Tsev khaws puav pheej thiab lub tshav puam sab nraum zoov ntawm Xu Wei Art Tsev khaws puav pheej, ua cov vaj tsev kab lis kev cai txuas ntxiv ntawm pej xeem lub neej.
Cov ntsiab lus: Kev siv granite hauv cov tsev cia puav pheej thiab cov chaw coj noj coj ua tau hloov zuj zus los ntawm cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj rau hauv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev coj cov lus piav qhia txog kab lis kev cai, thaj chaw huab cua, thiab cov yam ntxwv hauv cheeb tsam. Txawm hais tias nws yog Kengo Kuma's 20,000 granite slabs, lub rooj nthuav qhia dub hauv pem teb ntawm MoMA, lossis cov daus perforated -capped roob kab hlau rhuav phab ntsa ntawm Chengdu Natural History Tsev khaws puav pheej, txhua yam qhia tau hais tias cov khoom qub qub no tseem muaj peev xwm tsim tsis kawg nyob rau hauv cov kab lis kev cai niaj hnub.